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What is Hydro Geological Study?
A hydrogeological survey is an investigation of the hydrologic and geologic parameters at the subsurface level in a particular area. Hydrogeological maps may be formulated with the data gathered during such a study. It involves the detailed evaluation of the water-bearing levels of rocks and their capability for filtration. Moreover, the intrinsic ability of these rocks to either store or resist water is also assessed. The pressure, type and quality of the underground water is noted, delving into the intensity of the water flow through pores or fractures.
Hydro-geologists apply this knowledge to many practical uses. They might:
- Design and construct water wells for drinking water supply, irrigation schemes and other purposes
- Try to discover how much water is available to sustain water supplies so that these do not adversely affect the environment – for example, by depleting natural baseflows to rivers and important wetland ecosystems
- Investigate the quality of the water to ensure that it is fit for its intended use
- Where the groundwater is polluted, they design schemes to try and clean up this pollution
- Design construction dewatering schemes and deal with groundwater problems associated with mining
- Help to harness geothermal energy through groundwater-based heat pumps.